Clostridium difficile, or C. difficile, a gram positive anaerobic bacterium, is the major causative agent of colitis and diarrhoea that can occur following antibiotic intake. C. difficile infection is one of the most common hospital acquired infections. When C. difficile colonize the gut, they release two potent toxins, toxin A and toxin B, which bind to certain receptors in the lining of the colon and ultimately cause diarrhoea and inflammation of the large intestine.