The regulated translation of messenger RNA is essential for cell-cycle progression, establishment of the body plan during early development and modulation of key activities in the central nervous system. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation, one mechanism of controlling translation, is driven by cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins, called CPEBs. CPEB3 (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 3) is a 698 amino acid protein that contains two RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains and, like other CPEB proteins, may play a role in the maturation of the central nervous system. CPEB3 exists as multiple alternatively spliced isoforms that are encoded by a gene which maps to human chromosome 10, which houses over 1,200 genes and comprises nearly 4.5% of the human genome.